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Table 4 Rare autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus and reported associations

From: Personalized medicine in rheumatology: the paradigm of serum autoantibodies

Autoantibody

Prevalence (%)

Clinical associations

References

Anti-Sm

15

LN, NPSLE, discoid SLE, photosensitivity

[98, 99]

Anti-ribosomal P

10

NPSLE, renal and hepatic disorders, malar rash, oral ulcer and photosensitivity, blood–brain barrier permeation

[77, 98]

Anti-La (SS-B)

10–15

Organ dysfunction (kidney, lung, liver)

[100, 101]

Anti-Ki

6–20

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, ITP, idiopathic ILD, PM/SSc overlap, synovitis, pericarditis, PAH, skin involvement and sicca symptoms

[102]

Anti-histone

21–81

Drug-induced SLE

[103]

  1. LN lupus nephritis, NPSLE neuro psychiatric SLE, SCLE subacute cutaneous SLE, UCTD undifferentiated connective tissue disease, ITP autoimmune thrombocytopenia